Concrete-filled single skin (CFT) and double skin tubular (CFDST) members have advantages over concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns. These include high strength and bending stiffness, fire performance, and ease of construction. CFT columns are made from a single-skin outer jacket surrounding a concrete infill, whereas a CFDST column consists of two concentric steel tubes with concrete in-fill. Despite the advantages CFT and CFDST hold over more conventional tubular columns, these structural elements remain relatively unused, there is a lack of understanding concerning their behaviour, and design provisions are lacking.
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