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Omschrijving

This book can be divided into two parts. The ?rst part is preliminary and consists of algebraic number theory and the theory of semisimple algebras. The raison d'^ etre of the book is in the second part, and so let us ?rst explain the contents of the second part. There are two principal topics: (A) Classi?cation of quadratic forms; (B) Quadratic Diophantine equations. Topic (A) can be further divided into two types of theories: (a1) Classi?cation over an algebraic number ?eld; (a2) Classi?cation over the ring of algebraic integers. To classify a quadratic form ? over an algebraic number ?eld F, almost all previous authors followed the methods of Helmut Hasse. Namely, one ?rst takes ? in the diagonal form and associates an invariant to it at each prime spot of F, using the diagonal entries. A superior method was introduced by Martin Eichler in 1952, but strangely it was almost completely ignored, until I resurrected it in one of my recent papers. We associate an invariant to ? at each prime spot, which is the same as Eichler's, but we de?ne it in a di?erent and more direct way, using Cli?ord algebras. In Sections 27 and 28 we give an exposition of this theory. At some point we need the Hasse norm theorem for a quadratic extension of a number ?eld, which is included in class ?eld theory. We prove it when the base ?eld is the rational number ?eld to make the book self-contained in that case.